Congress’s Limitation to 10 Square Miles

Congress, and by extension the United States (Federal Government), only has geographical jurisdiction over 10 square miles. Any additional jurisdiction must be granted by the States, but only for the erection of needful buildings.

To exercise exclusive Legislation in all Cases whatsoever, over such District (not exceeding ten Miles square) as may, by Cession of particular States, and the Acceptance of Congress, become the Seat of Government of the United States, and to exercise like Authority over all Places purchased by the Consent of the Legislature of the State in which the Same shall be, for the Erection of Forts, Magazines, Arsenals, dock-Yards, and other needful Buildings;–And

To make all Laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into Execution the foregoing Powers, and all other Powers vested by this Constitution in the Government of the United States, or in any Department or Officer thereof.

https://constitution.congress.gov/constitution

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